Which tennis events call lines electronically, 2017-2026
From the Live Tennis API line-calling dataset, version 1.0.0, released 22 October 2026. Free under CC BY 4.0.
https://livetennisapi.com/data/tennis-line-calling/slides
1 / 10The short answer
As of 22 October 2026, every ATP Tour event has used live electronic line calling, with no line judges, since the start of 2025. The Australian Open (2021), the US Open (2021) and Wimbledon (2025) also call every line electronically. Roland Garros is the one Grand Slam that still uses human line judges, and it kept them in 2026.
2 / 10What the dataset holds
- 278rows, one per event, season and tour
- 38events
- 2017-2026seasons
- 75source pages cited
How lines were called, season by season
| Season | Line judges only | Line judges and challenges | Electronic on some courts | Electronic on every court | No trusted source | Rows |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 5 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 25 |
| 2018 | 6 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 25 |
| 2019 | 5 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 26 |
| 2020 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 11 |
| 2021 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 25 |
| 2022 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 16 | 26 |
| 2023 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 20 | 28 |
| 2024 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 10 | 13 | 29 |
| 2025 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 32 | 12 | 45 |
| 2026 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 1 | 38 |
Counts of dataset rows. Each row is one event, season and tour.
4 / 10The first events with no line judges
Rows before 2021 that record electronic calling on every court:
- Next Gen ATP Finals 2017 (ATP)
- Next Gen ATP Finals 2018 (ATP)
- Next Gen ATP Finals 2019 (ATP)
- ATP Finals 2020 (ATP)
- Cincinnati Open 2020 (ATP)
- Cincinnati Open 2020 (WTA)
The four Grand Slams
| Grand Slam | Status | System named |
|---|---|---|
| Australian Open | Electronic on every court since 2021 | Hawk-Eye Live |
| Roland Garros | Line judges in 2026 | None named |
| Wimbledon | Electronic on every court since 2025 | Hawk-Eye Live |
| US Open | Electronic on every court since 2021 | Hawk-Eye Live |
Why the US Open date is 2021
Sources disagree on the first US Open with no line judges. An NPR report from September 2022 reads as if 2022 was the first fully electronic year. We use 2021. The USTA announced in May 2021 that Hawk-Eye Live would cover every court that year. ESPN reported in September 2022 that the US Open extended the system to Ashe and Armstrong in 2021. AP reported from the 2021 semi-finals that there were no line judges to argue with. An AP report from October 2024 also says the US Open has had no line judges since 2021.
7 / 10The tours
ATP Tour: every event electronic since 2025.
Source: ATP announced introduction of Video Review across all ATP Masters 1000s
WTA: every WTA event in the dataset calls every line electronically from 2026.
Source: WTA 2026 Official Rulebook (22 December 2025 edition)
8 / 10How sure is each row?
- 41confirmed
- 159inferred
- 78unknown
- Many rows are inferred from tour-wide rules. A rule says what events had to do. It does not prove what happened at each one.
- Court-by-court detail is rarely published. elc_all_courts rows that rest on a tour rule have not been checked court by court.
Use and cite this deck
Data: Live Tennis API line-calling dataset (livetennisapi.com/data/tennis-line-calling), CC BY 4.0.
Live Tennis API (2026). Electronic line calling in professional tennis, by tournament and season (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. https://github.com/livetennisapi/tennis-line-calling
Slides: https://livetennisapi.com/data/tennis-line-calling/slides. Dataset and every row's source: https://livetennisapi.com/data/tennis-line-calling.
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